In this article we seek to study terrorism as a new social movement (NSM) with a sociological approach while criticizing the approaches used by other disciplines such as psychology, political science and law to study this issue. Our main arguments is that since terrorism in all around the world is a social and identity phenomenon rather than political and military one, therefore "New Terrorism" may be considered as a counter new social movement which is challenging liberal democracy in modern politics. The simultaneity of expanding terrorism on the one hand and dominating democratic systems and civil society on the other may be said to show new forms of resistance by minorities. The scholars in the discipline of sociology have two general views about terrorism: one is that democracy can bring security back in the global society while the other is that democracy itself produces tension and terrorism. In this article, we seek to argue that the terrorist movements can be said to be mainly against some kind of democratic systems.

This article seeks to identify and explain the process of securitizing ISIS by the Islamic Republic of Iran. The most important question of this article is: How did the Iranian government manage to portray ISIS as an existential threat to its citizens and how to involve them in their foreign and military policies against this terrorist group? This article uses the securitization theory to explain the Iranian war with ISIS in Syria and Iraq. It aims to consider the process and dynamics of securitization of ISIS in Iranian society which led them to support the military combat with ISIS. The research hypothesis is that the focus on securitization theory prepares the constant framework for understanding how the Copenhagen notion of security helps the Iranian government to justify the enemy narrative of ISIS through the trend of exclusion, exceptionalities, and use of physical force. Iranian government actively uses the securitization process to make required changes and adjustments for confronting ISIS to gain support and legitimacy from ordinary people. This article considers the role of the audience in the process of decision-making and how rulers use this opportunity to mobilize and organize armed forces. The Iranian government in the process of securitizing ISIS has shown that it can involve the people in the process of decision-making and the implementation of its foreign and military policies.

The fight against terrorism is one of the main concerns of the international community. The different approaches to political, military and legal in this regard will be designed and implemented. One of the ways many have noted that the international instruments; combating the financing of terrorism. In the majority of these international instruments as discussed with money laundering takes place, because experts believe there are many similarities between the two. This approach until major financial resources through the financial support of the rich and the government was providing was efficient But today's developments in terrorist groups cannot be measures taken to fight money laundering and terrorist financing Terrorist groups today gain its financial resources from land occupied and organized crime. In other words, we can say that today the world is faced with economic terrorism. Accordingly, for designed Efficient system for fight against terrorism financing, must be in addition to money laundering measures recommended in the documents relating to organized crime, as well as our attention. Unfortunately, in our country so far have not criminalize the financing of terrorism in an independent manner and that the bill under consideration in parliament and the Guardian Council set with the approach of the alliance between money laundering and financing of terrorism. This article In addition to an analysis of changing patterns of terrorist financing efficient policy in this area will also be examined.

Different communities with various methods of control of terrorist crimes seek to reduce the rates of crimes in order to provide security and maintain sovereignty. However, the growing of terrorist crimes and the inefficiency of the criminal justice system of different countries in this field indicates that it must be used to face this phenomenon. One of the most important preventive mechanisms in the field of terrorist crimes is social prevention, which is critical to various tools in the effort to prevent entry into terrorist activities or taking out people from the crime cycle, however, the way to implement these mechanisms is critical because these long-term measures should eventually lead to loss of crime or sustainable reduction. The prevailing belief in the perpetrators of terrorist crimes is that a terrorist is always terrorists, and for this reason, the only way to eliminate them from the cycle of crime is physical punishment such as execution or permanent imprisonment. However, the findings of cognitive studies show that the probability of success of social prevention programs on individuals is exposed to the risk of delinquency or stopping the delinquency among terrorist groups.

Background and objective: Terrorism has led to the spread of violence, threats to security, negative effects on the economic, cultural, social and political dimensions of different societies, growing insecurity in the world, and as a result, the sensitivity of criminal justice activists, including the police, to this issue. In recent years, the police, with a predictive approach in the framework of criminological crime risk management, mainly are seeking to predict terrorist crime and identify high-risk variables, including people or places that are most prone to crime. Methods: The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical, the primary data of which has been collected through library sources. After analyzing the initial data, the results of the theoretical study were obtained. Accordingly, an attempt has been made to explain the issue more precisely by presenting some models. Findings: The findings of the study showed that the police with the policies of controlling terrorist crimes today are more towards forecasting through statistical and information models and in its new form through artificial intelligence. Also, high-risk groups and places, such as immigrants and crowded places, are a priority for police approaches to terrorist crimes. Results: Crime prediction and identification of dangerous terrorist variables play an effective role in identifying the context, in which the terrorist crime was committed, by the police. Accordingly, the spread of terrorist acts and, subsequently, securityism has led populist policies to influence police approaches to identifying certain variables, such as the placement of immigrants or crowded places in the group of high-risk variables. Finally, the focus of the Iranian police should be on reducing predictive approaches to forecasting and identifying terrorist threats with information and statistical methods and models that can be effective in reducing terrorist crimes.

The financing of terrorism is the most critical aspect in the growth of terrorism, and combating the financing of terrorism is the most crucial aspect to eliminating the roots of terrorism. Suppose the actions of governments and international financial and non-financial organisations successfully combat the traditional methods of financing terrorism. In that case, terrorists will move beyond conventional methods and turn to new financial technologies. Due to features such as anonymity, creation of security layers and decentralisation, virtual currencies, especially Bitcoin, are among the financial innovations that criminals, including terrorists, pay attention to for investment and financing. In this article, we will see in a detailed review how Bitcoin, regardless of whether it can be considered a valid currency in the future, by changing the financial systems, has become attractive to illegal networks and can create a revolution in financing terrorism.

whereas many cases of terrorist crimes and terrorist financing have international dimensions, the serious and effective fight against these crimes faces two challenges: on the one hand exercising jurisdiction and choosing a qualified court on the other. It is not possible to deal with these dangerous crimes without resolving the issue of contradiction of criminal jurisdiction of countries, as well as qualification of domestic or international courts to deal with these crimes. The present article has been written by descriptive-analytical method and based on written documents and sources and its information has been collected through library study. Based on this research, it seems that for the counter-terrorism campaign and it’s financing to be more effective, accepting the principle of universal jurisdiction is necessary, and it can be a way to prevent criminals escaping, although there is no prohibition on governments using other principles of jurisdiction. In addition, resolving the issue of the qualified court for investigating these crimes is possible by relying on the existing domestic and international juridical literature. This is because, in addition to being able to take advantage of the capacity of domestic courts, governments can use the capacity of the International Criminal Court or case and regional courts to prosecute offenders and to provide global justice and security through Collaboration and under special circumstances, especially when the crime of terrorism or its financing is transnational or international.